La fiesta de Thanksgiving o de Acción de Gracias, que se celebra este jueves, es una de las más importantes del calendario estadounidense, y aunque no se ha replicado en el resto del mundo, alguno de sus detalles, como el Black Friday, ya han traspasado sus fronteras.
Al contrario que la Navidad, la otra gran fiesta seguida en Estados Unidos como en todo el mundo de cultura cristiana, el día de Acción de Gracias tiene un carácter transversal a todas las religiones que se practican en el país. La celebran cristianos de todas las tendencias, judíos, musulmanes y aun laicos o ateos. No hay en ese día ninguna ceremonia religiosa asociada a la fiesta.
leyendas del mundo hispano pdf 11
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Walter Mignolo and Margaret Greer view the Black Legend as a development of Spain's racialisation of Jewishness in the 15th century. The accusations of mixed blood and loose religiosity of the 15th century, first levelled at Jewish and Moorish conversos both inside Spain and abroad, developed into 16th century hispanophobic views of Spaniards as religious fanatics tainted by association with Judaism. The only stable element they see in this hispanophobia is an element of "otherness" marked by interaction with the Eastern and African worlds, of "complete others", cruelty and lack of moral character, in which the same narratives are re-imagined and reshaped.[9]
Antonio Pérez, the fallen secretary of King Philip, fled to France and then England, where he published attacks on the Spanish monarchy under the title Relaciones (1594). The English referred to these books to justify privateering and wars against the Spanish.[citation needed] A violently hispanophobic preacher and pamphleteer, Thomas Scott, would echo this sort of epithet a generation later, in the 1620s, when he urged England to war against "those wolvish Antichristians" instead of accepting the "Spanish Match."[54]
The first Puritan settlers were deeply hostile to Spain, seeing themselves as the Protestant advance guard that would free the Indians from Spanish oppression and cruelty. Prominent among these Puritan authors was Cotton Mather, who translated the Bible into Spanish for distribution among the Indians of New Spain.[61] After its independence, the United States soon became a territorial rival of Spain in America, both on the border with New Spain, and in Florida, the Mississippi or in New Orleans, a port that the Americans wanted to export their products from. The enlightened and liberal ideas that had entered the United States in the eighteenth century, joined their sympathies for the new republics emerging to the south, increasing anti-Spanish sentiment.[62] This hostility reached its zenith during the Spanish-American War, when the propaganda machine of Hearst and Pulitzer, used by their newspaper empires, had an enormous influence on public opinion in their country. The hispanophobic speeches heard in Congress during the conflict were so insulting that they led to massive protests in Spain.[63]
The label "White Legend" (Leyenda Blanca) is used to describe a historiographic approach which presents an uncritical or idealized image of Spanish colonial practices.[14] Some authors consider this to be the result of taking attempts to counter the bias of the Black Legend too far, whereas others consider it to have developed independently. Miguel Molina Martinez describes this legend as a characteristic of the Nationalist Spanish historiography which was propagated during the regime of Francisco Franco, a regime which associated itself with the imperial past and couched it in positive terms. Molina Martinez points to the classic text of Spanish Americanists during the Franco period, Rómulo Carbia's Historia de la leyenda negra hispanoamericana, as a work with a strong ideological motivation which frequently fell into arguments which could be qualified as part of the White Legend, while also giving more current examples of the trope.[106] Some, such as Benjamin Keen, have criticized the works of John Fiske and Lewis Hanke as going too far towards idealizing Spanish history.[17] While recognising the general merit of Hanke's work, Keen suggests that the United States' contemporary imperial ventures in the Caribbean and the Philippines had led him to idealise the Spanish Empire as an analogy for American colonialism. He further argues that the proponents of the White Legend focus on Spanish legal codes protecting the Indigenous population, while ignoring the copious documentary evidence that they were widely ignored.[3]
El arzobispo James Ussher fue un historiador con buena formación académica y muy respetado que dedicó su vida a la defensa de la fe cristiana. Ussher investigó meticulosamente los relatos seculares de la historia y descubrió que la Biblia armoniza con ellos. Ussher dedicó varios años de su vida a compilar una historia del mundo desde la creación hasta el año 70 d.C.
Uno de los muchos proyectos de Ussher fue escribir una historia completa del mundo en latín, que incluyera todos los eventos importantes desde la creación hasta el año 70 d.C. Publicó un volumen de 1.600 páginas en 1650. En 1658, dos años después de su muerte, se publicó por primera vez una traducción en inglés titulada The Annals of the World. (La obra completa es fascinante. Recientemente ha sido traducida al inglés moderno y republicada.1)
En ninguna parte de la Biblia se dice que el día de la creación fue el 23 de octubre. Puesto que los judíos y muchos otros pueblos antiguos inician su año en el otoño, Ussher supuso que debería existir una buena razón. Por lo tanto, concluyó que Dios creó el mundo en el otoño. Después de consultar las tablas astronómicas, escogió el primer domingo después del equinoccio de otoño como punto inicial del año 4004 antes de Cristo.
El asunto no ha dejado indiferente a ningún creyente de habla inglesa ya que la obra se publicó primero en inglés.(2) Sus evidentes y peliagudas implicaciones teológicas han hecho correr mucha tinta en las revistas y publicaciones cristianas del mundo anglosajón.
Por lo mismo, las leyendas involucran valores, evocan emociones, interpretan experiencias, denuncian o justifican acciones, explican fenómenos de la naturaleza y son, sobre todo, resistentes al cambio: se transmiten de generación en generación principalmente a través de la palabra hablada.
Además del rico contenido simbólico, útil para conocer la idiosincrasia de una cultura en particular, las leyendas tienen un potencial importante de entretenimiento compartido. En este artículo veremos específicamente 10 de las leyendas españolas más populares.
Existen numerosas leyendas alrededor de las 19 comunidades autónomas que forman parte de España. Algunas de ellas son producto de historias de amor y desamor, otras ayudan a explicar fenómenos aparentemente sobrenaturales, y otras se remontan a épocas tan antiguas como el medievo.
Es precisamente su contenido místico y simbólico lo que ha permitido que estas narraciones perduren a lo largo del tiempo. A continuación 10 de las leyendas más representativas de distintas localidades españolas.
Presa del miedo, el joven corrió hasta una cruz ubicada fuera de la ermita, y se abrazó con fuerza a ella. El diablo lo persiguió y enseguida se lanzó hacia el joven, logrando dejar una huella en la cruz que hasta el dia de hoy puede apreciarse. Esta es una de las leyendas españolas más inquietantes.
La Basa de la Mora, oficialmente conocido como "Ibón de Plan", es un lago de agua de glaciar ubicado en el Pirineo aragonés, a casi 2000 metros de altitud, entre los pueblos de Plan y Saravillo, lugar bien conocido por los montañistas y amantes del turismo rural. Tras este bello paraje hay una de las leyendas más curiosas del folclore de Aragón, que nos retrotrae a la Edad Media.
Esta es una de las leyendas gallegas más conocidas y populares, lo cual es decir mucho, porque Galicia alberga una gran cantidad de folclore. Se dice que hace varios siglos, vivía en un castillo un viejo noble llamado Froyás, con dos hijos, Egas y Aldara. Esta última era una doncella bonita y todavía joven, y tenía como pretendiente a Aras, el hijo de otra familia noble de la región. Todo parecía señalar que pronto se casarían.
Pasaron los años, y casi todo el mundo se olvidó de Aldhara, dándola por muerta quizás tras el ataque de un oso. Menos Froyás y Egas, que seguían echándola mucho de menos, pero que también se resignaban ante la idea de que había muerto mucho tiempo atrás.
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La Llorona aparece en las noches de luna llena. \\n\",\"media\":\"disableImageZooming\":true,\"type\":\"params\":\"contentName\":\"Imagen\",\"file\":\"path\":\"images\\\/file-5f8ecba3030a9.jpg\",\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\",\"copyright\":\"license\":\"U\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":300,\"library\":\"H5P.Image 1.1\",\"metadata\":\"contentType\":\"Image\",\"license\":\"U\",\"title\":\"Sin t\\u00edtulo Image\",\"subContentId\":\"892e52e6-39e2-4d1c-844b-d59149f48421\",\"library\":\"H5P.MultiChoice 1.16\",\"subContentId\":\"40f34fc9-a5eb-460a-a532-abcf58b60348\",\"metadata\":\"title\":\"2. La Llorona aparece en las noches de luna llena.\",\"license\":\"U\",\"contentType\":\"Multiple Choice\",\"params\":\"answers\":[\"correct\":false,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Falso. \\u201cSe inclinaba como besando el suelo\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"Verdadero\\n\",\"correct\":true,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Falso. \\u201cSe inclinaba como besando el suelo\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"Falso\\n\",\"correct\":false,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"tip\":\"\",\"chosenFeedback\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"No hay informaci\\u00f3n\\n\"],\"overallFeedback\":[\"from\":0,\"to\":100],\"UI\":\"checkAnswerButton\":\"Comprobar\",\"showSolutionButton\":\"Mostrar soluci\\u00f3n\",\"tryAgainButton\":\"Retry\",\"tipsLabel\":\"Show tip\",\"scoreBarLabel\":\"Score\",\"tipAvailable\":\"Tip available\",\"feedbackAvailable\":\"Feedback available\",\"readFeedback\":\"Read feedback\",\"wrongAnswer\":\"Wrong answer\",\"correctAnswer\":\"Correct answer\",\"shouldCheck\":\"Should have been checked\",\"shouldNotCheck\":\"Should not have been checked\",\"noInput\":\"Please answer before viewing the solution\",\"behaviour\":\"enableRetry\":true,\"enableSolutionsButton\":true,\"enableCheckButton\":true,\"type\":\"auto\",\"singlePoint\":false,\"randomAnswers\":false,\"showSolutionsRequiresInput\":true,\"confirmCheckDialog\":false,\"confirmRetryDialog\":false,\"autoCheck\":false,\"passPercentage\":100,\"showScorePoints\":true,\"confirmCheck\":\"header\":\"Finish ?\",\"body\":\"Are you sure you wish to finish ?\",\"cancelLabel\":\"Cancel\",\"confirmLabel\":\"Finish\",\"confirmRetry\":\"header\":\"Retry ?\",\"body\":\"Are you sure you wish to retry ?\",\"cancelLabel\":\"Cancel\",\"confirmLabel\":\"Confirm\",\"question\":\"3. La Llorona se arrodilla y besa el suelo de la plaza.\\n\",\"media\":\"disableImageZooming\":true,\"type\":\"params\":\"contentName\":\"Imagen\",\"file\":\"path\":\"images\\\/file-5f8ecbad8d28c.jpg\",\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\",\"copyright\":\"license\":\"U\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":300,\"library\":\"H5P.Image 1.1\",\"metadata\":\"contentType\":\"Image\",\"license\":\"U\",\"title\":\"Sin t\\u00edtulo Image\",\"subContentId\":\"bf3f8791-e560-4a44-8d06-96ef9ad28485\",\"library\":\"H5P.MultiChoice 1.16\",\"subContentId\":\"11b6f359-eec5-419b-aa13-98080eb6e270\",\"metadata\":\"title\":\"3. 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La Llorona es una leyenda de origen cristiano.\\n\",\"media\":\"disableImageZooming\":true,\"type\":\"params\":\"contentName\":\"Imagen\",\"file\":\"path\":\"images\\\/file-5f8ecbb9d3555.jpg\",\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\",\"copyright\":\"license\":\"U\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":300,\"library\":\"H5P.Image 1.1\",\"metadata\":\"contentType\":\"Image\",\"license\":\"U\",\"title\":\"Sin t\\u00edtulo Image\",\"subContentId\":\"26a482d1-9dcb-4b94-82f2-9fe31d1e7150\",\"library\":\"H5P.MultiChoice 1.16\",\"subContentId\":\"c31c16ec-42b4-43ea-9b00-5f4c58bfa7a2\",\"metadata\":\"title\":\"4. 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La Llorona tiene relaci\\u00f3n con leyendas precolombinas.\\n\",\"media\":\"disableImageZooming\":true,\"type\":\"params\":\"contentName\":\"Imagen\",\"file\":\"path\":\"images\\\/file-5f8ecbc8f0fdb.jpg\",\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\",\"copyright\":\"license\":\"U\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":300,\"library\":\"H5P.Image 1.1\",\"metadata\":\"contentType\":\"Image\",\"license\":\"U\",\"title\":\"Sin t\\u00edtulo Image\",\"subContentId\":\"bcf6b53f-af5e-4966-964b-629a3f06b854\",\"library\":\"H5P.MultiChoice 1.16\",\"subContentId\":\"3944df80-1689-43b7-bedb-8f2eb82e2bf4\",\"metadata\":\"title\":\"5.\\u00a0La Llorona tiene relaci\\u00f3n con leyendas precolombinas.\",\"license\":\"U\",\"contentType\":\"Multiple Choice\",\"params\":\"answers\":[\"correct\":true,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Verdadero. \\u201cEn La Llorona se funden varias representaciones de diosas madres como Tonantzin la que se adora en el cerro del Tepeyac y que despu\\u00e9s se identificar\\u00e1 con la Virgen de Guadalupe\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"Verdadero\\n\",\"correct\":false,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Verdadero. \\u201cEn La Llorona se funden varias representaciones de diosas madres como Tonantzin la que se adora en el cerro del Tepeyac y que despu\\u00e9s se identificar\\u00e1 con la Virgen de Guadalupe\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"Falso\\n\",\"correct\":false,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Verdadero. \\u201cEn La Llorona se funden varias representaciones de diosas madres como Tonantzin la que se adora en el cerro del Tepeyac y que despu\\u00e9s se identificar\\u00e1 con la Virgen de Guadalupe\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"No hay informaci\\u00f3n\\n\"],\"overallFeedback\":[\"from\":0,\"to\":100],\"UI\":\"checkAnswerButton\":\"Comprobar\",\"showSolutionButton\":\"Mostrar soluci\\u00f3n\",\"tryAgainButton\":\"Retry\",\"tipsLabel\":\"Show tip\",\"scoreBarLabel\":\"Score\",\"tipAvailable\":\"Tip available\",\"feedbackAvailable\":\"Feedback available\",\"readFeedback\":\"Read feedback\",\"wrongAnswer\":\"Wrong answer\",\"correctAnswer\":\"Correct answer\",\"shouldCheck\":\"Should have been checked\",\"shouldNotCheck\":\"Should not have been checked\",\"noInput\":\"Please answer before viewing the solution\",\"behaviour\":\"enableRetry\":true,\"enableSolutionsButton\":true,\"enableCheckButton\":true,\"type\":\"auto\",\"singlePoint\":false,\"randomAnswers\":false,\"showSolutionsRequiresInput\":true,\"confirmCheckDialog\":false,\"confirmRetryDialog\":false,\"autoCheck\":false,\"passPercentage\":100,\"showScorePoints\":true,\"confirmCheck\":\"header\":\"Finish ?\",\"body\":\"Are you sure you wish to finish ?\",\"cancelLabel\":\"Cancel\",\"confirmLabel\":\"Finish\",\"confirmRetry\":\"header\":\"Retry ?\",\"body\":\"Are you sure you wish to retry ?\",\"cancelLabel\":\"Cancel\",\"confirmLabel\":\"Confirm\",\"question\":\"6. La diosa Tonatzin fue reinterpretada como la Virgen de Guadalupe.\\n\",\"media\":\"disableImageZooming\":true,\"type\":\"params\":\"contentName\":\"Imagen\",\"file\":\"path\":\"images\\\/file-5f8ecbd2711b6.jpg\",\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\",\"copyright\":\"license\":\"U\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":300,\"library\":\"H5P.Image 1.1\",\"metadata\":\"contentType\":\"Image\",\"license\":\"U\",\"title\":\"Sin t\\u00edtulo Image\",\"subContentId\":\"52c7bc31-69c8-431a-b36d-4e2b46c1ee9c\",\"library\":\"H5P.MultiChoice 1.16\",\"subContentId\":\"73e30a27-bf14-46bd-b6d7-31ed5753413b\",\"metadata\":\"title\":\"6. La diosa Tonatzin fue reinterpretada como la Virgen de Guadalupe.\",\"license\":\"U\",\"contentType\":\"Multiple Choice\",\"params\":\"answers\":[\"correct\":false,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Falso. \\u201cDestruye todo lo que una figura materna debe ser: fuerza protectora y benigna\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"Verdadero\\n\",\"correct\":true,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Falso. \\u201cDestruye todo lo que una figura materna debe ser: fuerza protectora y benigna\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"Falso\\n\",\"correct\":false,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Falso. \\u201cDestruye todo lo que una figura materna debe ser: fuerza protectora y benigna\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"No hay informaci\\u00f3n\\n\"],\"overallFeedback\":[\"from\":0,\"to\":100],\"UI\":\"checkAnswerButton\":\"Comprobar\",\"showSolutionButton\":\"Mostrar soluci\\u00f3n\",\"tryAgainButton\":\"Retry\",\"tipsLabel\":\"Show tip\",\"scoreBarLabel\":\"Score\",\"tipAvailable\":\"Tip available\",\"feedbackAvailable\":\"Feedback available\",\"readFeedback\":\"Read feedback\",\"wrongAnswer\":\"Wrong answer\",\"correctAnswer\":\"Correct answer\",\"shouldCheck\":\"Should have been checked\",\"shouldNotCheck\":\"Should not have been checked\",\"noInput\":\"Please answer before viewing the solution\",\"behaviour\":\"enableRetry\":true,\"enableSolutionsButton\":true,\"enableCheckButton\":true,\"type\":\"auto\",\"singlePoint\":false,\"randomAnswers\":false,\"showSolutionsRequiresInput\":true,\"confirmCheckDialog\":false,\"confirmRetryDialog\":false,\"autoCheck\":false,\"passPercentage\":100,\"showScorePoints\":true,\"confirmCheck\":\"header\":\"Finish ?\",\"body\":\"Are you sure you wish to finish ?\",\"cancelLabel\":\"Cancel\",\"confirmLabel\":\"Finish\",\"confirmRetry\":\"header\":\"Retry ?\",\"body\":\"Are you sure you wish to retry ?\",\"cancelLabel\":\"Cancel\",\"confirmLabel\":\"Confirm\",\"question\":\"7. La Llorona simboliza la maternidad protectora.\\n\",\"media\":\"disableImageZooming\":true,\"type\":\"params\":\"contentName\":\"Imagen\",\"file\":\"path\":\"images\\\/file-5f8ecbdf5d11b.jpg\",\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\",\"copyright\":\"license\":\"U\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":300,\"library\":\"H5P.Image 1.1\",\"metadata\":\"contentType\":\"Image\",\"license\":\"U\",\"title\":\"Sin t\\u00edtulo Image\",\"subContentId\":\"06c36526-aca7-40d6-b7da-4ea7f0f41b8a\",\"library\":\"H5P.MultiChoice 1.16\",\"subContentId\":\"d97411a3-a89e-4bce-a87e-2162f736ffef\",\"metadata\":\"title\":\"7.\\u00a0La Llorona simboliza la maternidad protectora.\",\"license\":\"U\",\"contentType\":\"Multiple Choice\",\"params\":\"answers\":[\"correct\":true,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Verdadero. \\u201cLa Malinche, la mujer ind\\u00edgena, la identificaci\\u00f3n de una diosa prehisp\\u00e1nica con la Virgen de Guadalupe\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"Verdadero\\n\",\"correct\":false,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Verdadero. \\u201cLa Malinche, la mujer ind\\u00edgena, la identificaci\\u00f3n de una diosa prehisp\\u00e1nica con la Virgen de Guadalupe\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"Falso\\n\",\"correct\":false,\"tipsAndFeedback\":\"chosenFeedback\":\"Verdadero. \\u201cLa Malinche, la mujer ind\\u00edgena, la identificaci\\u00f3n de una diosa prehisp\\u00e1nica con la Virgen de Guadalupe\\u201d.\\n\",\"tip\":\"\",\"notChosenFeedback\":\"\",\"text\":\"No hay informaci\\u00f3n\\n\"],\"overallFeedback\":[\"from\":0,\"to\":100],\"UI\":\"checkAnswerButton\":\"Comprobar\",\"showSolutionButton\":\"Mostrar soluci\\u00f3n\",\"tryAgainButton\":\"Retry\",\"tipsLabel\":\"Show tip\",\"scoreBarLabel\":\"Score\",\"tipAvailable\":\"Tip available\",\"feedbackAvailable\":\"Feedback available\",\"readFeedback\":\"Read feedback\",\"wrongAnswer\":\"Wrong answer\",\"correctAnswer\":\"Correct answer\",\"shouldCheck\":\"Should have been checked\",\"shouldNotCheck\":\"Should not have been checked\",\"noInput\":\"Please answer before viewing the solution\",\"behaviour\":\"enableRetry\":true,\"enableSolutionsButton\":true,\"enableCheckButton\":true,\"type\":\"auto\",\"singlePoint\":false,\"randomAnswers\":false,\"showSolutionsRequiresInput\":true,\"confirmCheckDialog\":false,\"confirmRetryDialog\":false,\"autoCheck\":false,\"passPercentage\":100,\"showScorePoints\":true,\"confirmCheck\":\"header\":\"Finish ?\",\"body\":\"Are you sure you wish to finish ?\",\"cancelLabel\":\"Cancel\",\"confirmLabel\":\"Finish\",\"confirmRetry\":\"header\":\"Retry ?\",\"body\":\"Are you sure you wish to retry ?\",\"cancelLabel\":\"Cancel\",\"confirmLabel\":\"Confirm\",\"question\":\"8. La leyenda de La Llorona tiene un componente mestizo.\\n\",\"media\":\"disableImageZooming\":true,\"type\":\"params\":\"contentName\":\"Imagen\",\"file\":\"path\":\"images\\\/file-5f8ecbf1debe2.jpg\",\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\",\"copyright\":\"license\":\"U\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":300,\"library\":\"H5P.Image 1.1\",\"metadata\":\"contentType\":\"Image\",\"license\":\"U\",\"title\":\"Sin t\\u00edtulo Image\",\"subContentId\":\"bde90d1a-483c-4065-bcd4-f8706df33e5f\",\"library\":\"H5P.MultiChoice 1.16\",\"subContentId\":\"95397b8a-b8f1-4c8d-baa3-b4ae647d6ebd\",\"metadata\":\"title\":\"8. 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La Llorona puede tener una cara atractiva.\\n\",\"media\":\"disableImageZooming\":true,\"type\":\"params\":\"contentName\":\"Imagen\",\"file\":\"path\":\"images\\\/file-5f8ecbfd2368c.jpg\",\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\",\"copyright\":\"license\":\"U\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":300,\"library\":\"H5P.Image 1.1\",\"metadata\":\"contentType\":\"Image\",\"license\":\"U\",\"title\":\"Sin t\\u00edtulo Image\",\"subContentId\":\"1191525f-5cf4-49b0-8cbd-7a460e32a48a\",\"library\":\"H5P.MultiChoice 1.16\",\"subContentId\":\"1481ac63-30b9-45ab-a840-ce4be12d2602\",\"metadata\":\"title\":\"9. 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JSON.parse( localStorage['oxy-' + modalId + '-last-shown-time'] ) : false; // manual triggers aren't affected by last shown time if( $modal.data( 'trigger' ) != 'user_clicks_element' ) switch( $modal.data( 'open-again' ) ) case 'never_show_again': // if it was shown at least once, don't show it again if( lastShownTime !== false ) return; break; case 'show_again_after': var settingDays = parseInt( $modal.data( 'open-again-after-days' ) ); var actualDays = ( currentTime - lastShownTime ) / ( 60*60*24*1000 ); if( actualDays 0 ) setTimeout(function () hideModal(modal); , 3000); // Formidable Forms // Formidable Forms replaces the form with a confirmation message on page refresh if( $modal.find(".frm_message").length > 0 ) setTimeout(function () hideModal(modal); , 3000); // Caldera Forms // Caldera Forms replaces the form with a confirmation message on page refresh if( $modal.find(".caldera-grid .alert-success").length > 0 ) setTimeout(function () hideModal(modal); , 3000); window.oxyShowModal = showModal; var hideModal = function ( modal ) // Body manipulation for scroll prevention and maintaining scroll position var scrollY = document.querySelector('body').style.top; document.querySelector('body').classList.remove('oxy-modal-active'); document.querySelector('body').style.top = ''; window.scrollTo(0, parseInt(scrollY ; window.oxyCloseModal = hideModal; jQuery( ".oxy-modal-backdrop" ).each(function( index ) var modal = this; (function( modal ) ( !isScrollUp && jQuery( modal ).data( 'trigger_scroll_direction' ) == 'down' && pctScrolled >= parseInt( jQuery( modal ).data( 'trigger_scroll_amount' ) ) ) ) showModal( modal ); window.removeEventListener( "scroll", scrollDetection ); , false); break; case "on_scroll_to_element": window.addEventListener("scroll", function scrollDetection() var $element = jQuery( jQuery( modal ).data( 'scroll_to_selector' ) ); if( $element.length == 0 ) window.removeEventListener( "scroll", scrollDetection ); return; var top_of_element = $element.offset().top; var bottom_of_element = $element.offset().top + $element.outerHeight(); var bottom_of_screen = jQuery(window).scrollTop() + jQuery(window).innerHeight(); var top_of_screen = jQuery(window).scrollTop(); if ((bottom_of_screen > bottom_of_element - $element.outerHeight() /2 ) && (top_of_screen time ) clearInterval( idleInterval ); document.removeEventListener( "click", activityDetected ); document.removeEventListener( "mousemove", activityDetected ); document.removeEventListener( "keypress", activityDetected ); document.removeEventListener( "scroll", activityDetected ); showModal( modal ); , 100); break; case "after_number_of_page_views": var modalId = modal.querySelector('.ct-modal').id; var pageViews = localStorage && localStorage['oxy-' + modalId + '-page-views'] ? parseInt( localStorage['oxy-' + modalId + '-page-views'] ) : 0; pageViews++; if( localStorage ) localStorage['oxy-' + modalId + '-page-views'] = pageViews; if( parseInt( jQuery( modal ).data( 'number_of_page_views' ) ) == pageViews ) if( localStorage ) localStorage['oxy-' + modalId + '-page-views'] = 0; showModal( modal ); break; // add event handler to close modal automatically after AJAX form submit if( $modal.data( 'close-after-form-submit' ) == 'yes' ) // Contact Form 7 if (typeof wpcf7 !== 'undefined') $modal.find('div.wpcf7').each(function () var $form = jQuery(this).find('form'); this.addEventListener('wpcf7submit', function (event) if (event.detail.contactFormId == $form.attr("id")) setTimeout(function () hideModal(modal); , 3000); , false); ); // Caldera Forms document.addEventListener( "cf.submission", function(event) // Pending, Caldera AJAX form submissions aren't working since Oxygen 2.2, see: ); // Ninja Forms jQuery(document).on("nfFormSubmitResponse", function(event, response) // Only close the modal if the event was triggered from a Ninja Form inside the modal if( $modal.find("#nf-form-" + response.id + "-cont").length > 0 ) setTimeout(function () hideModal(modal); , 3000); ); )( modal ); }); // handle clicks on modal backdrop and on .oxy-close-modal jQuery("body").on('click touchend', '.oxy-modal-backdrop, .oxy-close-modal', function( event ) var $this = jQuery( this ); var $target = jQuery( event.target ); // Click event in the modal div and it's children is propagated to the backdrop if( !$target.hasClass( 'oxy-modal-backdrop' ) && !$this.hasClass( 'oxy-close-modal' ) ) //event.stopPropagation(); return; if( $target.hasClass( 'oxy-modal-backdrop' ) && $this.hasClass( 'oxy-not-closable' ) ) return; if( $this.hasClass( 'oxy-close-modal' ) ) event.preventDefault(); var $modal = $this.hasClass( 'oxy-close-modal' ) ? $this.closest('.oxy-modal-backdrop') : $this; hideModal( $modal[0] ); ); jQuery(document).keyup( function(e) if( e.key == 'Escape' ) jQuery(".oxy-modal-backdrop:visible").each(function(index) if( jQuery(this).data("close_on_esc") == 'on' ) hideModal(this); ); ); });/* MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */if ( typeof(jQuery) !== 'undefined' ) {jQuery( document ).ready(function(){function monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load() {if ( ( typeof(__gaTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gaTracker && __gaTracker.hasOwnProperty( "loaded" ) && __gaTracker.loaded == true ) ( typeof(__gtagTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gtagTracker ) ) {(function(factory) factory(jQuery);(function($) {/* Scroll Depth */"use strict";var defaults = percentage: true;var $window = $(window),cache = [],scrollEventBound = false,lastPixelDepth = 0;/** Plugin*/$.scrollDepth = function(options) {var startTime = +new Date();options = $.extend(, defaults, options);/** Functions*/function sendEvent(action, label, scrollDistance, timing) 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent ) return;var paramName = action.toLowerCase();var fieldsArray = send_to: 'G-4YVH57MFJY',non_interaction: true;fieldsArray[paramName] = label;if (arguments.length > 3) fieldsArray.scroll_timing = timingMonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); else MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray);function calculateMarks(docHeight) return '25%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.25, 10),'50%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.50, 10),'75%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.75, 10),/* Cushion to trigger 100% event in iOS */'100%': docHeight - 5;function checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing) /* Check each active mark */$.each(marks, function(key, val) if ( $.inArray(key, cache) === -1 && scrollDistance >= val ) sendEvent('Percentage', key, scrollDistance, timing);cache.push(key););function rounded(scrollDistance) /* Returns String */return (Math.floor(scrollDistance/250) * 250).toString();function init() bindScrollDepth();/** Public Methods*//* Reset Scroll Depth with the originally initialized options */$.scrollDepth.reset = function() cache = [];lastPixelDepth = 0;$window.off('scroll.scrollDepth');bindScrollDepth();;/* Add DOM elements to be tracked */$.scrollDepth.addElements = function(elems) ;/* Remove DOM elements currently tracked */$.scrollDepth.removeElements = function(elems) !$.isArray(elems)) return;$.each(elems, function(index, elem) var inElementsArray = $.inArray(elem, options.elements);var inCacheArray = $.inArray(elem, cache);if (inElementsArray != -1) options.elements.splice(inElementsArray, 1);if (inCacheArray != -1) cache.splice(inCacheArray, 1););;/** Throttle function borrowed from:* Underscore.js 1.5.2* * (c) 2009-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors* Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license.*/function throttle(func, wait) {var context, args, result;var timeout = null;var previous = 0;var later = function() previous = new Date;timeout = null;result = func.apply(context, args);;return function() {var now = new Date;if (!previous) previous = now;var remaining = wait - (now - previous);context = this;args = arguments;if (remaining /* */"use strict";var _createClass=function(){function defineProperties(target,props){for(var i=0;i(function() {"use strict";var r="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(e)return typeof e:function(e)return e&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&e.constructor===Symbol&&e!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof e,e=function(){function i(e,t){for(var n=0;n/* *//* */var gdpr_consent__strict = "false"var gdpr_consent__thirdparty = "false"var gdpr_consent__advanced = "false"var gdpr_consent__cookies = ""/* *//* */jQuery(window).on('load', function () jQuery('.oxy-wpgb-facet').each(function () if(jQuery('.wpgb-facet', this).is(':empty')) jQuery(this).css('display', 'none') )) Cerrar los ajustes de cookies RGPD Resumen de privacidad Cookies estrictamente necesarias Cookies de terceros Cookies adicionales Powered by GDPR Cookie Compliance Resumen de privacidad Esta web utiliza cookies para que podamos ofrecerte la mejor experiencia de usuario posible. 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